Duck Farming in Kenya: Here’s All You Need to Know and Tips to Start

Duck farming in Kenya is an emerging agribusiness that offers significant potential for profitability.

Ducks are raised for both meat and egg production, and they can be reared in various environments with relatively low maintenance costs.

Below is a detailed overview of what it entails to start and run a successful duck farming business in Kenya.

Breeds of Ducks

Several duck breeds are suitable for farming in Kenya, each with its unique advantages:

• Pekin Duck: Popular for its fast growth and high meat production.
• Muscovy Duck: Known for its lean meat and high egg production.
• Indian Runner: Excellent for egg production.
• Khaki Campbell: Suitable for both meat and egg production.
• Ancona Duck: Valued for its versatility in meat and egg production.

Housing and Farming Systems

Ducks require simple housing structures that are well-ventilated and secure. The housing should protect them from predators and harsh weather conditions. There are three primary systems for duck farming:

1. Backyard System: Ducks are allowed to range freely during the day and are sheltered at night.
2. Extensive System: Ducks are kept in larger open spaces, often near water bodies, allowing them to forage naturally.
3. Intensive System: Ducks are kept in confined spaces and provided with a controlled diet, typically used for commercial production.

Feeding and Nutrition

Ducks have a diverse diet and can be fed commercial feeds, kitchen waste, or allowed to forage for insects and plants. For optimal growth and egg production, their diet should include:

• High-protein feeds: Essential for ducklings and laying ducks.
• Calcium supplements: Important for egg-laying ducks to produce strong eggshells.
• Natural foraging: Ducks naturally eat snails, insects, and various plants, which helps reduce feed costs.

Egg Production and Meat Market

Ducks start laying eggs at around six months and can lay one egg per day. Duck eggs and meat have a robust market in Kenya, often fetching higher prices than chicken products. A duck egg sells for approximately Kshs 30, while a kilo of duck meat can sell for over Kshs 450. Farmers can sell their products directly to local markets or supply to restaurants and other institutions.

Advantages of Duck Farming

• Lower housing costs: Ducks require less elaborate housing compared to other poultry.
• Hardiness: Ducks are resistant to many common poultry diseases.
• Dual-purpose: Some breeds provide both meat and eggs, increasing profitability.
• Pest control: Ducks help in controlling pests such as snails and insects.

Starting a Duck Farming Business

To start a duck farming business in Kenya, consider the following steps:

1. Research and Planning: Understand the market demand and decide on the breed based on your target market.
2. Housing and Equipment: Build simple, cost-effective housing and acquire necessary feeding and watering equipment.
3. Purchasing Ducklings: Buy healthy ducklings from reputable breeders.
4. Feeding and Care: Ensure a balanced diet and proper care to maximize growth and egg production.
5. Marketing: Develop a marketing strategy to reach local markets and institutions.

Duck farming in Kenya presents a lucrative opportunity for farmers willing to invest time and effort. With proper management and care, it can be a steady source of income and improve living standards for many Kenyan families.